Float Method (Velocity):

1. Mark two points 10m apart along stream
2. Drop a floating object (orange, stick) upstream
3. Time how long it takes to travel between marks
4. Repeat 3 times and average
5. Velocity = Distance ÷ Time

Cross-Section Method (Discharge):

1. Measure stream width at several points
2. Measure depth at multiple points across width
3. Calculate average width and depth
4. Discharge = Width × Depth × Average Velocity